Gynecomastia is the enlargement of male breast tissue caused by hormonal imbalances, genetics, weight fluctuations, or medication side effects. It’s not the same as excess fat due to being overweight.

Gynecomastia is a common condition, affecting up to 70% of adolescent boys and many adult men to varying degrees.

 Common causes include:

• Hormonal imbalances (high estrogen or low testosterone)

• Certain medications (e.g., steroids, anti-androgens)

• Obesity Underlying health conditions (e.g., liver or kidney issues)

• Puberty-related hormonal changes (often resolves on its own)

You are experiencing 1 or more of the following:

• Swelling or tenderness in the breast area

• Puffy or enlarged nipples

• Firm, glandular tissue under the nipple (not just soft fat)

In some cases (e.g., puberty-related gynecomastia), it may resolve without treatment.

Persistent cases in adults typically require medical intervention.

• Hormonal treatments (if caused by imbalances)

• Lifestyle changes (e.g., weight loss, diet, exercise)

However, true gynecomastia with glandular tissue often requires surgery for permanent results.

Gynecomastia surgery (male breast reduction) involves removing excess breast tissue, fat, and sometimes skin to create a flatter, more masculine chest.

The procedure is often a combination of these techniques:

• Liposuction: Removes excess fat in the chest area.

• Tissue excision: Removes glandular breast tissue for more severe cases.